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globalwarming	nothing wrong with you. but be sure to visit you doctor. its sounds like you a sick but im not a doctor. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

shoaib654	Vermiform appendix From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Vermiform Appendix Arteries of cecum and vermiform appendix. (Appendix visible at lower right, labeled as "vermiform process"). Normal location of the appendix relative to other organs of the digestive system (frontal view). Latin appendix vermiformis Gray's subject #249 1178 System Digestive Artery appendicular artery Vein appendicular vein Precursor Midgut MeSH Appendix Dorlands/Elsevier a_54/12147735 In human anatomy, the appendix (or vermiform appendix; also cecal appendix) is a blind ended tube connected to the cecum, from which it develops embryologically. The cecum is a pouch-like structure of the colon. The appendix is near the junction of the small intestine and the large intestine. The term "vermiform" comes from Latin and means "wormlike in appearance". Contents [hide] 1 Size and location 2 Function 2.1 Historical Interpretation: Vestigiality 2.2 Recent Interpretation: Immune Use 2.3 Latest Interpretation: Maintaining gut flora 3 Diseases 4 Additional image 5 See also 6 References 7 External links [edit] Size and location The appendix averages 10 cm in length, but can range from 2 to 20 cm. The diameter of the appendix is usually between 7 and 8 mm. The longest appendix ever removed measured 26 cm. [1] The appendix is located in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen, or more specifically, the right iliac fossa.[2] Its position within the abdomen corresponds to a point on the surface known as McBurney's point (see below). While the base of the appendix is at a fairly constant location, 2 cm below the ileocaecal valve [2], the location of the tip of the appendix can vary from being retrocaecal (74% [2]) to being in the pelvis to being extraperitoneal. In rare individuals with situs inversus, the appendix may be located in the lower left side. [edit] Function Given the appendix's propensity to cause death via infection, and the seeming perfect health of those who have had their appendix removed, the biological purpose of the appendix has mystified scientists for some time. There have been cases of people who have been found, usually on laparoscopy or laparotomy, to have a congenital absence of an appendix. There have been no reports of impaired immune or gastrointestinal function in these people. [edit] Historical Interpretation: Vestigiality The most common explanation is that the appendix is a vestigial structure with no absolute purpose. In The Story of Evolution, Joseph McCabe argued thus: The vermiform appendage—in which some recent medical writers have vainly endeavoured to find a utility—is the shrunken remainder of a large and normal intestine of a remote ancestor. This interpretation of it would stand even if it were found to have a certain use in the human body. Vestigial organs are sometimes pressed into a secondary use when their original function has been lost. One potential ancestral purpose put forth by Darwin:[3] that the appendix was used for digesting leaves as primates. Over time, we have eaten fewer vegetables and have evolved, over millions of years, for this organ to be smaller to make room for our stomach. Few mammals other than humans have an appendix, and evidence based on comparative primate anatomy is nowadays seen to contradict the explanation of the appendix as a vestige of evolutionary development.[4] The appendix is more developed in Old World monkeys.[5] [edit] Recent Interpretation: Immune Use Loren G. Martin, a professor of physiology at Oklahoma State University, argues that the appendix has a function in fetuses and adults.[6] Endocrine cells have been found in the appendix of 11 week old fetuses that contribute to "biological control (homeostatic) mechanisms." In adults, Martin argues that the appendix acts as a lymphatic organ. The appendix is experimentally verified as being rich in infection-fighting lymphoid cells, suggesting that it might play a role in the immune system. A. Zahid[7] suggests that it plays a role in both manufacturing hormones in fetal development as well as functioning to 'train' the immune system, exposing the body to antigens in order that it can produce antibodies. He notes that doctors in the last decade have stopped removing the appendix during other surgical procedures as a routine precaution, because it can be successfully transplanted into the urinary Tract to rebuild a sphincter muscle and reconstruct a functional bladder. Apparent function of the human vermiform appendix in the recovery from diarrhea. Although more than 2 million children die each year in developing countries as a result of diarrhea, children living in those countries face an estimated 1.4 billion cases of diarrhea each year [8] Thus, the process of recovery from diarrhea is relatively effective in developing countries. This process is expected to be less critical in developed countries, where widespread epidemics resulting in diarrhea are uncommon and thus the loss of beneficial bacteria from the population as a whole is highly unlikely. [edit] Latest Interpretation: Maintaining gut flora Although it was long accepted that the immune tissue, called gut associated lymphoid tissue, surrounding the appendix and elsewhere in the gut carries out a number of important functions, explanations were lacking for the distinctive shape of the appendix and its apparent lack of importance as judged by an absence of side-effects following appendectomy. [9] William Parker, Randy Bollinger, and colleagues at Duke University proposed that the appendix serves as a safe haven for useful bacteria when illness flushes those bacteria from the rest of the intestines.[10] [4] This proposal is based on a new understanding of how the immune system supports the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria [11] [12], in combination with many well-known features of the appendix, including its architecture and its association with copious amounts of immune tissue. Such a function is expected to be useful in a culture lacking modern sanitation and healthcare practice, where diarrhea may be prevalent.[4] This function would explain the apparent health of those individuals without an appendix in developed countries, and provides an explanation for the worm-like shape of the appendix. [4] Current epidemiological data [13] show that diarrhea is one of the leading causes of death in developing countries, indicating that a role of the appendix as an aid in recovering beneficial bacteria following diarrhea may be extremely important in the absence of modern health and sanitation practices.[4] [edit] Diseases This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2007) The most common diseases of the appendix (in humans) are appendicitis and carcinoid tumors. Appendix cancer accounts for about 1 in 200 of all gastrointestinal malignancies. Adenomas also (rarely) present. Appendicitis (or epityphlitis) is a condition characterized by inflammation of the appendix. Virtually all cases of Appendicitis require removal of the inflamed appendix, either by laparotomy or laparoscopy. Untreated, the appendix may rupture, leading to peritonitis, then shock, and, if continued untreated, death. Pain often begins in the center of the abdomen where the lining of the stomach is irritated then moves lower right as the condition develops, it is important to note that this makes diagnoses difficult in the early stages because an MRI or CT scan must be used to detect it. Appendicitis presents as pain in the right lower quadrant with rebound tenderness (pain upon removal of pressure rather than application of pressure). In particular, it presents at McBurney's point, 1/3 of the way along a line drawn from the Anterior Superior Iliac Spine to the Umbilicus. Typically, point (skin) pain is not present until the parietal peritoneum is inflamed as well. Fever and immune system response are also characteristic of appendicitis. The surgical removal of the vermiform appendix is called an appendicectomy (or appendectomy). This procedure is normally performed as an emergency procedure, when the patient is suffering from acute appendicitis. In the absence of surgical facilities, intravenous antibiotics are used to delay or avoid the onset of sepsis; it is now recognized that many cases will resolve when treated non-operatively. In some cases the appendicitis resolves completely; more often, an inflammatory mass forms around the appendix. This is a relative contraindication to surgery. [edit] Additional image Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix tip [edit] See also Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Vermiform appendixHomology (biology) McBurney's point [edit] References ^ Guinness world record for longest appendix removed. ^ a b c Paterson-Brown S. The acute abdomen and intestinal obstruction. Chapter 15 in Garden O.J., Bradbury A.W., Forsythe J.L.R., Parks R.W. (2007) Principles and Practise of Surgery, Fifth Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. ^ Darwin, Charles (1871). The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex. John Murray: London. ^ a b c d e Bollinger, R.R., Barbas, A.S., Bush, E.L., Lin, S.S. & Parker. W. (2007) Biofilms in the large bowel suggest an apparent function of the human vermiform appendix. J. Theoretical Biology. doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.08.032. ^ Fisher, R. E. (2000) "The primate appendix: a reassessment." Anat Rec. 261: 228-236. PubMed ^ A professor of physiology claims the appendix has a known function ^ Zahid, A. (2004) "The vermiform appendix: not a useless organ." J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 14:256-258. PubMed ^ Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as published in Emerg Infect Dis 9(5), 2003.) ^ Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 4th edition, 1989, pages 902-903 ^ http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21153898/ Scientists may have found appendix’s purpose: Seemingly useless organ may produce, protect good germs for your gut], October 5, 2007. ^ Sonnenburg JL, LT Angenent, JI Gordon. Getting a grip on things: how do communities of bacterial symbionts become established in our intestine? Nature Immunology. 2004;5:569-73 ^ Everett ML, D Palestrant, SE Miller, RR Bollinger, W Parker. Immune exclusion and immune inclusion: a new model of host-bacterial interactions in the gut. Clinical and Applied Immunology Reviews. 2004;5:321-332. ^ Statistics on the cause of death in developed countries collected by the World Health Organization in 2001 show that acute diarrhea is the fourth leading cause of disease-related death in developing countries (data summarized by The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation).[citation needed] Two of the other leading causes of death are expected to have exerted limited or no selection pressure on humans in the distant past because one (HIV-AIDS) only very recently emerged and another (ischaemic heart disease) primarily affects people in their post-reproductive years. Thus, acute diarrhea may have been one of the primary disease-related selection pressures on the human population in the past. (Lower respiratory tract infection (pneumonia) is the remaining of the top four leading causes of disease-related death in third world countries.) [edit] External links "The vestigiality of the human vermiform appendix: A Modern Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

wOOt	Either preg, or perhaps you should increase your water intake, oh and sleep always helps too Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

smsm	you could have the stomach flu go to the DR. to make sure you are ok! Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

☆ Spharoe	Could you be pregnant? Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Gabe Telarico	are you pregnant? if not, maybe you're really stressed out. Stress can cause all these physical symptoms. or maybe you have a stomach bug or pnemonia. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

sugar c	you may have a stomach virus or a kidney infection. Probably stomach virus. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Gisella ஜ ღن٥ﻻ ﻉ√٥ﺎ ٱ♥	sound like the flu Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Sam	Could you be pregnant? In any case if you are not sure go to ER. Hope you'll be ok. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Beauty	Maybe u r having a problem with your kidneys. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

pooch	Yes it could be a lot of things, the lack of high temp. with everything Else you described, sounds like carbon monoxide poisoning Make sure its not something like a furnace or hot water heater? hope you feel better! Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Megs	does it hurt to go to the bathroom? Sounds like a bad kidney infection. Drink some Cranberry juice... this should help (doctors recommmend for kidney problems). And definitely go to the docs. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Debra W	Ms......what does your urine look like? Dark, bloody? Any blood on the tissue when you wipe? Your symptoms may be those of a urinary Tract infection. The concern would be that the infection has backed up to your kidneys. Low back pain is often a sign of a kidney infection when accompanied by a temperature. It is important to get treatment for a urinary Tract infection (UTI) to minimize that chance of permanently damaging your kidneys or the infection developing into a medical emergency like sepsis. Until you can see a Dr. you need to push fluids (drink lots of water), and take something for the discomfort; maybe some Tylenol (Acetaminophen) or Advil or Motrin (Ibuprofen). Many people that have a tendency to have frequent UTI's drink Cranberry juice daily. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

leah	go see a doctor ,lady Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Emmanuel321	go c a doctor .. its probli nothing to serious but its allways better to be safe Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Ziegh	Sounds to me like you are really stressed, get checked out at a local walk in clinic just to make sure tho. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Johnny B	You no doubt have an illness but its obviously not bad enough otherwise you'd go to the doctor wouldn't you? Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

lina	well duuuuhhh sorry, but it sounds like yes you have an illness. I would say the 24 hour flu, but I'm not a doctor. However, chances are that it's that, or food poisoning, but probably the flu. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

phil	Make an appointment to see your GP, and get yourself checked out. I hope you get well soon. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

george j	go to a doctor haha dont trust anyone on here with ur life... maybe even a hospital Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

100% Organic Snark™	It sounds like a case of food poisoning. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

sexy_pinkpanther73	Yep it sure does, PREGNANCY! Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

LaPrincesse	You should definitely go to the doctors, especially since many of your symptoms seem rather severe. I'm especially worried about your low temperature and the pain that you're feeling in your lower back. You could always check your symptoms at: www.webmd.com Click under "check symptoms" There is also a goverment website that helps determine what you're experiencing, but you'll need to know a little more medical "lingo" to navigate the site. It's called the National Library of Medicine and you can find it at: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html I hope that this helps pinpoint your symptoms. Of course your most accurate diagnosis will be made by your doctor. They may want to also run a blood panel on you to see if there is anything more serious going on. Take care of yourself--I pray that you'll get well soon. :) Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

swe3t_kiid_xo	get yourself to the doctor. it can turn into something big if it's not already. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Josh	id say just go see a doc. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Dyl	Contact a doctor or ER. Tell them your illness and see what they can do. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Michelle	You can't expect people on here to diagnose you. If you are feeling that bad, you should go to a doctor. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

♥Forever this way♥	Since this is the flu season, you may have the flu. The stomach flu possibly, since you have been vomiting and having to go to the bathroom increasingly. These are common symptoms of the flu: -Fever (usually high) -Headache -Muscle aches -Chills -Extreme tiredness -Dry cough -Runny nose may also occur but is more common in children than adults -Stomach symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, may also occur but are more common in children than adults If you have been having intercourse, you could also be pregnant. Some signs are vomiting, lower back ache, increasingly often urination. and nausea. Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

Emily	Yes, go to the doctors ASAP Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

jenjennic	go to the doctor and get checked out Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No

just_that_one_girl	Yes, you sound like you may have that bad stomoch flu where you are puking and on the toilet at the same time. Not very fun. How long have you been feeling like this?? If it just started then it should mostly go away within the next day. You will be weak for a while but the vomiting should end soon. Then again this years cases have been stretching on for a while. Make sure to keep plenty of liquids in so you do not dehydrate since you wont be able to keep food down, which makes you feel worse. The best thing to do is to lay low and rest and let it run its course. I get it once a year and boy does it suck to have it. I know how ya feel. Good luck Was this answer helpful to you? Yes / No