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Metronidazole is used to treat a variety of infections. It may also be used to prevent infections after certain types of surgery (e.g., bowel surgery). Metronidazole belongs to a class of antibiotics known as nitroimidazoles. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria and protozoa.This antibiotic treats only bacterial and protozoal infections. It will not work for viral infections (e.g., common cold, flu). Unnecessary use or overuse of any antibiotic can lead to its decreased effectiveness.
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| Overview |
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How To Use |
Side Effects |
Precautions |
Missed Dose |
Drug Interactions |
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Flagyl RTU
Uses
Metronidazole is used to treat a variety of infections. It may also be used to prevent infections after certain types of surgery (e.g., bowel surgery). Metronidazole belongs to a class of antibiotics known as nitroimidazoles. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria and protozoa.This antibiotic treats only bacterial and protozoal infections. It will not work for viral infections (e.g., common cold, flu). Unnecessary use or overuse of any antibiotic can lead to its decreased effectiveness.
Notes
- Do not use needles or IV tubing that contains aluminum because this metal may cause this medication to discolor.Treatment of a certain infection (trichomoniasis) may require that sexual partners be treated as well to avoid re-infection.
- During treatment, avoid sexual intercourse, or always use latex or polyurethane condoms/dental dams.Do not share this medication with others.This medication has been prescribed for your current condition only.
- Do not use it later for another infection unless told to do so by your doctor.
- A different medication may be necessary in that case.Laboratory and/or medical tests (e.g., cultures, white blood cell counts) should be performed periodically to monitor your progress or check for side effects.
- Consult your doctor for more details.
Storage
- Store at room temperature at 77 degrees F (25 degrees C) away from light and moisture.
- Brief storage up to 104 degrees F (40 degrees C) is permitted.
- Do not refrigerate or freeze.
- Do not store in the bathroom.
- Keep all medicines away from children and pets.
Overdose
- Symptoms of overdose may include: severe dizziness, seizures.
How To Use
- This medication is given by injection into a vein by a health care professional, usually 3 or 4 times a day or as directed by your doctor.
- Metronidazole usually comes in ready-to-use infusion bags.
- If your drug comes in a vial, then it must be mixed with the proper IV fluids.
- Before using this product, check it visually for particles or discoloration.
- If either is present, do not use the liquid.
- This medication should be given slowly over 1 hour.
- Do not mix with any other medications.
- If you have questions about the use of this medication, consult your pharmacist.If you are giving yourself injections at home, make sure you learn how to prepare and inject this medication properly.
- Ask your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse any questions you may have about how to give yourself metronidazole.
- Learn how to store and discard needles, medical supplies, and any unused medication safely.
- Never reuse needles or syringes.Antibiotics work best when the amount of medicine in your body is kept at a constant level.
- Therefore, use this drug at evenly spaced intervals.
- The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.Continue to use this medication until the full prescribed amount is finished, even if symptoms disappear after a few days.
- Stopping the medication too early may allow bacteria/protozoa to continue to grow, which may result in a return of the infection.Your doctor may direct you to start taking this medication by mouth instead of by vein when you are able to take medications by mouth or when your condition allows the switch.Tell your doctor if your condition persists or worsens.
Side Effects
- Dizziness, headache, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, or a metallic taste in the mouth may occur.
- If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.This drug may cause urine to darken.
- This is harmless.Remember that your doctor has prescribed this medication because he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects.
- Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor immediately if any of these unlikely but serious side effects occur: unsteadiness, seizures, mental/mood changes (e.g., confusion), numbness/tingling of hands/feet.Tell your doctor immediately if any of these rare but very serious side effects occur: sore throat, persistent fever, unusual bleeding/bruising, severe stomach pain, persistent nausea/vomiting.This medication may be used to treat a severe intestinal condition (pseudomembranous colitis) due to a type of resistant bacteria.
- However, sometimes treatment with metronidazole for other types of infections may also cause this intestinal condition.
- Tell your doctor immediately if you develop: persistent diarrhea, abdominal or stomach pain/cramping, or blood/mucus in your stool.
- This condition may occur weeks after treatment with antibiotics has stopped.
- Do not use anti-diarrhea products or narcotic pain medications if you have these symptoms because these products may make them worse.Use of this medication for prolonged or repeated periods may result in oral thrush or a new vaginal yeast infection.
- Contact your doctor if you notice white patches in your mouth, a change in vaginal discharge, or other new symptoms.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare.
- However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, trouble breathing.If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.
Precautions
- Before taking metronidazole, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to other nitroimidazoles such as tinidazole; or if you have any other allergies.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: liver problems, severe kidney problems (not producing any urine), nervous system disorders (e.g., seizures), blood disorders, Crohn's disease, history of alcohol use/abuse, swelling (edema), using a feeding/medication tube inserted in the nose (naso-gastric tube).Avoid alcoholic beverages while using this medication and for at least 3 days after finishing this medicine because severe stomach upset, nausea, vomiting, headache and flushing can occur.This drug may make you dizzy.
- Use caution while driving, using machinery, or doing any activity that requires alertness.Use of this medication for prolonged or repeated periods may result in a new infection (e.g., yeast infection in the mouth, bladder, or vagina).Newborns may be at greater risk for side effects while using this drug, because newborns are less able to remove metronidazole from their bodies.The elderly may be at greater risk for side effects while using this drug.Tell your doctor if you are pregnant before using this drug.
- Due to possible harm to the unborn baby, it should not be used during the first 3 months of pregnancy.
- During the last 6 months, this medication should be used with caution only if your infection has not improved on other antibiotics.This medication passes into breast milk.
- Therefore, breast-feeding is not recommended while using this drug.
- Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
Missed Dose
- If you miss a dose, use it as soon as you remember.
- If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your usual dosing schedule.
- Do not double the dose to catch up.
Drug Interactions
- Your doctor or pharmacist may already be aware of any possible drug interactions and may be monitoring you for them.
- Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicine before checking with your doctor or pharmacist first.This drug should not be used with the following medications because very serious interactions may occur: amprenavir solution taken by mouth, disulfiram, lopinavir/ritonavir solution taken by mouth.If you are currently using any of these medications listed above, tell your doctor or pharmacist before starting metronidazole.Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all prescription and nonprescription/herbal products you may use, especially of: "blood thinners" (e.g., warfarin), busulfan, cimetidine, corticosteroids (e.g., methylprednisolone, prednisone), fluorouracil, lithium, drugs for seizures (e.g., phenobarbital, phenytoin), live bacterial vaccines.This medication may interfere with certain laboratory tests (including liver function tests, blood triglyceride levels), possibly causing false test results.
- Make sure laboratory personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.
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CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgement of healthcare professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment.
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